Treaties
Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer
Phase-out of ozone-depleting substances.
Read aloud by your browser
- Concluded
- Montreal, 16 Sep 1987
- In force
- 1 Jan 1989
- Parties
- 198
- Instrument
- Protocol
| State | Signed | Bound | How |
|---|---|---|---|
| Afghanistan | — | 17 Jun 2004 | accession |
| Albania | — | 8 Oct 1999 | accession |
| Algeria | — | 20 Oct 1992 | accession |
| Andorra | — | 26 Jan 2009 | accession |
| Angola | — | 17 May 2000 | accession |
| Antigua and Barbuda | — | 3 Dec 1992 | accession |
| Argentina | 29 Jun 1988 | 18 Sep 1990 | ratification |
| Armenia | — | 1 Oct 1999 | accession |
| Australia | 8 Jun 1988 | 19 May 1989 | ratification |
| Austria | 29 Aug 1988 | 3 May 1989 | ratification |
| Azerbaijan | — | 12 Jun 1996 | accession |
| Bahamas (The) | — | 4 May 1993 | accession |
| Bahrain | — | 27 Apr 1990 | accession |
| Bangladesh | — | 2 Aug 1990 | accession |
| Barbados | — | 16 Oct 1992 | accession |
| Belarus | 22 Jan 1988 | 31 Oct 1988 | acceptance |
| Belgium | 16 Sep 1987 | 30 Dec 1988 | ratification |
| Belize | — | 9 Jan 1998 | accession |
| Benin | — | 1 Jul 1993 | accession |
| Bhutan | — | 23 Aug 2004 | accession |
| Bolivia (Plurinational State of) | — | 3 Oct 1994 | accession |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | — | 1 Sep 1993 | succession |
| Botswana | — | 4 Dec 1991 | accession |
| Brazil | — | 19 Mar 1990 | accession |
| Brunei Darussalam | — | 27 May 1993 | accession |
| Bulgaria | — | 20 Nov 1990 | accession |
| Burkina Faso | 14 Sep 1988 | 20 Jul 1989 | ratification |
| Burundi | — | 6 Jan 1997 | accession |
| Cabo Verde | — | 31 Jul 2001 | accession |
| Cambodia | — | 27 Jun 2001 | accession |
| Cameroon | — | 30 Aug 1989 | accession |
| Canada | 16 Sep 1987 | 30 Jun 1988 | ratification |
| Central African Republic | — | 29 Mar 1993 | accession |
| Chad | — | 7 Jun 1994 | ratification |
| Chile | 14 Jun 1988 | 26 Mar 1990 | ratification |
| China | — | 14 Jun 1991 | accession |
| Colombia | — | 6 Dec 1993 | accession |
| Comoros | — | 31 Oct 1994 | accession |
| Congo | 15 Sep 1988 | 16 Nov 1994 | ratification |
| Cook Islands | — | 22 Dec 2003 | accession |
| Costa Rica | — | 30 Jul 1991 | accession |
| Croatia | — | 21 Sep 1992 | succession |
| Cuba | — | 14 Jul 1992 | accession |
| Cyprus | — | 28 May 1992 | accession |
| Czech Republic | — | 30 Sep 1993 | succession |
| Côte d'Ivoire | — | 5 Apr 1993 | accession |
| Democratic People's Republic of Korea | — | 24 Jan 1995 | accession |
| Democratic Republic of the Congo | — | 30 Nov 1994 | accession |
| Denmark | 16 Sep 1987 | 16 Dec 1988 | ratification |
| Djibouti | — | 30 Jul 1999 | accession |
| Dominica | — | 31 Mar 1993 | accession |
| Dominican Republic | — | 18 May 1993 | accession |
| Ecuador | — | 30 Apr 1990 | accession |
| Egypt | 16 Sep 1987 | 2 Aug 1988 | ratification |
| El Salvador | — | 2 Oct 1992 | accession |
| Equatorial Guinea | — | 6 Sep 2006 | accession |
| Eritrea | — | 10 Mar 2005 | accession |
| Estonia | — | 17 Oct 1996 | accession |
| Eswatini | — | 10 Nov 1992 | accession |
| Ethiopia | — | 11 Oct 1994 | accession |
| European Union | 16 Sep 1987 | 16 Dec 1988 | approval |
| Fiji | — | 23 Oct 1989 | accession |
| Finland | 16 Sep 1987 | 23 Dec 1988 | acceptance |
| France | 16 Sep 1987 | 28 Dec 1988 | approval |
| Gabon | — | 9 Feb 1994 | accession |
| Gambia | — | 25 Jul 1990 | accession |
| Georgia | — | 21 Mar 1996 | accession |
| Germany | 16 Sep 1987 | 16 Dec 1988 | ratification |
| Ghana | 16 Sep 1987 | 14 Jul 1992 | ratification |
| Greece | 29 Oct 1987 | 29 Dec 1988 | ratification |
| Grenada | — | 31 Mar 1993 | accession |
| Guatemala | — | 7 Nov 1989 | accession |
| Guinea | — | 25 Jun 1992 | accession |
| Guinea-Bissau | — | 12 Nov 2002 | accession |
| Guyana | — | 12 Aug 1993 | accession |
| Haiti | — | 29 Mar 2000 | accession |
| Holy See | — | 5 May 2008 | accession |
| Honduras | — | 14 Oct 1993 | accession |
| Hungary | — | 20 Apr 1989 | accession |
| Iceland | — | 29 Aug 1989 | accession |
| India | — | 19 Jun 1992 | accession |
| Indonesia | 21 Jul 1988 | 26 Jun 1992 | ratification |
| Iran (Islamic Republic of) | — | 3 Oct 1990 | accession |
| Iraq | — | 25 Jun 2008 | accession |
| Ireland | 15 Sep 1988 | 16 Dec 1988 | ratification |
| Israel | 14 Jan 1988 | 30 Jun 1992 | ratification |
| Italy | 16 Sep 1987 | 16 Dec 1988 | ratification |
| Jamaica | — | 31 Mar 1993 | accession |
| Japan | 16 Sep 1987 | 30 Sep 1988 | acceptance |
| Jordan | — | 31 May 1989 | accession |
| Kazakhstan | — | 26 Aug 1998 | accession |
| Kenya | 16 Sep 1987 | 9 Nov 1988 | ratification |
| Kiribati | — | 7 Jan 1993 | accession |
| Kuwait | — | 23 Nov 1992 | accession |
| Kyrgyzstan | — | 31 May 2000 | accession |
| Lao People's Democratic Republic | — | 21 Aug 1998 | accession |
| Latvia | — | 28 Apr 1995 | accession |
| Lebanon | — | 31 Mar 1993 | accession |
| Lesotho | — | 25 Mar 1994 | accession |
| Liberia | — | 15 Jan 1996 | accession |
| Libya | — | 11 Jul 1990 | accession |
| Liechtenstein | — | 8 Feb 1989 | accession |
| Lithuania | — | 18 Jan 1995 | accession |
| Luxembourg | 29 Jan 1988 | 17 Oct 1988 | ratification |
| Madagascar | — | 7 Nov 1996 | accession |
| Malawi | — | 9 Jan 1991 | accession |
| Malaysia | — | 29 Aug 1989 | accession |
| Maldives | 12 Jul 1988 | 16 May 1989 | ratification |
| Mali | — | 28 Oct 1994 | accession |
| Malta | 15 Sep 1988 | 29 Dec 1988 | ratification |
| Marshall Islands | — | 11 Mar 1993 | accession |
| Mauritania | — | 26 May 1994 | accession |
| Mauritius | — | 18 Aug 1992 | accession |
| Mexico | 16 Sep 1987 | 31 Mar 1988 | acceptance |
| Micronesia (Federated States of) | — | 6 Sep 1995 | accession |
| Monaco | — | 12 Mar 1993 | accession |
| Mongolia | — | 7 Mar 1996 | accession |
| Montenegro | — | 23 Oct 2006 | succession |
| Morocco | 7 Jan 1988 | 28 Dec 1995 | ratification |
| Mozambique | — | 9 Sep 1994 | accession |
| Myanmar | — | 24 Nov 1993 | accession |
| Namibia | — | 20 Sep 1993 | accession |
| Naoero | — | 12 Nov 2001 | accession |
| Nepal | — | 6 Jul 1994 | accession |
| Netherlands (Kingdom of the) | 16 Sep 1987 | 16 Dec 1988 | acceptance |
| New Zealand | 16 Sep 1987 | 21 Jul 1988 | ratification |
| Nicaragua | — | 5 Mar 1993 | accession |
| Niger | — | 9 Oct 1992 | accession |
| Nigeria | — | 31 Oct 1988 | accession |
| Niue | — | 22 Dec 2003 | accession |
| North Macedonia | — | 10 Mar 1994 | succession |
| Norway | 16 Sep 1987 | 24 Jun 1988 | ratification |
| Oman | — | 30 Jun 1999 | accession |
| Pakistan | — | 18 Dec 1992 | accession |
| Palau | — | 29 May 2001 | accession |
| Panama | 16 Sep 1987 | 3 Mar 1989 | ratification |
| Papua New Guinea | — | 27 Oct 1992 | accession |
| Paraguay | — | 3 Dec 1992 | accession |
| Peru | — | 31 Mar 1993 | accession |
| Philippines | 14 Sep 1988 | 17 Jul 1991 | ratification |
| Poland | — | 13 Jul 1990 | accession |
| Portugal | 16 Sep 1987 | 17 Oct 1988 | ratification |
| Qatar | — | 22 Jan 1996 | accession |
| Republic of Korea | — | 27 Feb 1992 | accession |
| Republic of Moldova | — | 24 Oct 1996 | accession |
| Romania | — | 27 Jan 1993 | accession |
| Russian Federation | 29 Dec 1987 | 10 Nov 1988 | acceptance |
| Rwanda | — | 11 Oct 2001 | accession |
| Samoa | — | 21 Dec 1992 | accession |
| San Marino | — | 23 Apr 2009 | accession |
| Sao Tome and Principe | — | 19 Nov 2001 | accession |
| Saudi Arabia | — | 1 Mar 1993 | accession |
| Senegal | 16 Sep 1987 | 6 May 1993 | ratification |
| Serbia | — | 12 Mar 2001 | succession |
| Seychelles | — | 6 Jan 1993 | accession |
| Sierra Leone | — | 29 Aug 2001 | accession |
| Singapore | — | 5 Jan 1989 | accession |
| Slovakia | — | 28 May 1993 | succession |
| Slovenia | — | 6 Jul 1992 | succession |
| Solomon Islands | — | 17 Jun 1993 | accession |
| Somalia | — | 1 Aug 2001 | accession |
| South Africa | — | 15 Jan 1990 | accession |
| South Sudan | — | 12 Jan 2012 | accession |
| Spain | 21 Jul 1988 | 16 Dec 1988 | ratification |
| Sri Lanka | — | 15 Dec 1989 | accession |
| St. Kitts and Nevis | — | 10 Aug 1992 | accession |
| St. Lucia | — | 28 Jul 1993 | accession |
| St. Vincent and the Grenadines | — | 2 Dec 1996 | accession |
| State of Palestine | — | 18 Mar 2019 | accession |
| Sudan | — | 29 Jan 1993 | accession |
| Suriname | — | 14 Oct 1997 | accession |
| Sweden | 16 Sep 1987 | 29 Jun 1988 | ratification |
| Switzerland | 16 Sep 1987 | 28 Dec 1988 | ratification |
| Syrian Arab Republic | — | 12 Dec 1989 | accession |
| Tajikistan | — | 7 Jan 1998 | accession |
| Thailand | 15 Sep 1988 | 7 Jul 1989 | ratification |
| Timor-Leste | — | 16 Sep 2009 | accession |
| Togo | 16 Sep 1987 | 25 Feb 1991 | ratification |
| Tonga | — | 29 Jul 1998 | accession |
| Trinidad and Tobago | — | 28 Aug 1989 | accession |
| Tunisia | — | 25 Sep 1989 | accession |
| Turkmenistan | — | 18 Nov 1993 | accession |
| Tuvalu | — | 15 Jul 1993 | accession |
| Türkiye | — | 20 Sep 1991 | accession |
| Uganda | 15 Sep 1988 | 15 Sep 1988 | ratification |
| Ukraine | 18 Feb 1988 | 20 Sep 1988 | acceptance |
| United Arab Emirates | — | 22 Dec 1989 | accession |
| United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland | 16 Sep 1987 | 16 Dec 1988 | ratification |
| United Republic of Tanzania | — | 16 Apr 1993 | accession |
| United States of America | 16 Sep 1987 | 21 Apr 1988 | ratification |
| Uruguay | — | 8 Jan 1991 | accession |
| Uzbekistan | — | 18 May 1993 | accession |
| Vanuatu | — | 21 Nov 1994 | accession |
| Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) | 16 Sep 1987 | 6 Feb 1989 | ratification |
| Viet Nam | — | 26 Jan 1994 | accession |
| Yemen | — | 21 Feb 1996 | accession |
| Zambia | — | 24 Jan 1990 | accession |
| Zimbabwe | — | 3 Nov 1992 | accession |
How do we know? Imported from the source; not yet checked by a person.
UN Treaty Collection published this; the platform retrieved it 9 November 2026. Imported from the source; not yet checked by a person.
Source
- Source
- UN Treaty Collection
- Original
- https://treaties.un.org/Pages/ViewDetails.aspx?src=TREATY&clang=_en&mtdsg_no=XXVII-2-a&chapter=27 ↗
- Licence
- Public depositary record
- Retrieved
- 9 November 2026
Version
- Status
- Active
- Valid from
- 1 January 1989
- Reviewed
- Imported from the source; not yet checked by a person.
Authority
- Record type
- Treaty
- Domains
- treaties, climate-law, environment
Where this comes from
- Source
- UN Treaty Collection ↗
- Licence
- Public depositary record
- Retrieved
- 9 Nov 2026
- Reviewed
- Unreviewed